Data visualization with ggplot2

class: center, middle, title-slide

# Data visualization with ggplot2
## OCRUG Hackathon 2019-11
### Emil Hvitfeldt
### 2019-11-09

---

.center[![:scale 45%](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rstudio/hex-stickers/master/PNG/ggplot2.png)]

---

# Overview

- Structure
- Aesthetics
- Geometric objects
- Position adjustments
- Themes
- Extensions

---

# Data - mtcars

```r
dplyr::glimpse(mtcars)
```

```
## Observations: 32
## Variables: 11
## $ mpg  <dbl> 21.0, 21.0, 22.8, 21.4, 18.7, 18.1, 14.3, 24.4, 22.8, 19.2,…
## $ cyl  <dbl> 6, 6, 4, 6, 8, 6, 8, 4, 4, 6, 6, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 4, 4, 4,…
## $ disp <dbl> 160.0, 160.0, 108.0, 258.0, 360.0, 225.0, 360.0, 146.7, 140…
## $ hp   <dbl> 110, 110, 93, 110, 175, 105, 245, 62, 95, 123, 123, 180, 18…
## $ drat <dbl> 3.90, 3.90, 3.85, 3.08, 3.15, 2.76, 3.21, 3.69, 3.92, 3.92,…
## $ wt   <dbl> 2.620, 2.875, 2.320, 3.215, 3.440, 3.460, 3.570, 3.190, 3.1…
## $ qsec <dbl> 16.46, 17.02, 18.61, 19.44, 17.02, 20.22, 15.84, 20.00, 22.…
## $ vs   <dbl> 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1,…
## $ am   <dbl> 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1,…
## $ gear <dbl> 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4,…
## $ carb <dbl> 4, 4, 1, 1, 2, 1, 4, 2, 2, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 1, 2, 1,…
```

???

Fuel economy data from 1999 and 2008 for 38 popular models of car
Description
This dataset contains a subset of the fuel economy data that the EPA makes available on http://fueleconomy.gov. It contains only models which had a new release every year between 1999 and 2008 - this was used as a proxy for the popularity of the car

---

# Structure

.pull-left[

```r
library(ggplot2)
```

```r
ggplot(mtcars, aes(disp, mpg)) + 
  geom_point()
```
]

.pull-right[
<img src="Untitled_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-5-1.png" width="700px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

# A graphing template

```r
ggplot(data = <DATA>, mapping = aes(<MAPPINGS>)) + 
  <GEOM_FUNCTION>()
```

- starts with `ggplot()`
- geom function
- mappings
- composed with `+` instead of `%>%`

---

# Aesthetics

## The mapping between the data and the graphical parameters

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
  geom_point()
```

the same as

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(x = displ, y = hwy)) + 
  geom_point()
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
  geom_point()
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy, size = cty)) + 
  geom_point()
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy, color = cty)) + 
  geom_point()
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy, color = class)) + 
  geom_point()
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy, color = class, size = cty)) + 
  geom_point()
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg) + 
  geom_point(aes(displ, hwy, color = "blue"))
```

---

# I want the color!

```r
ggplot(mpg) + 
  geom_point(aes(displ, hwy), color = "blue")
```

---

# Geometric objects

.pull-left[
All starts with `geom_` and adds a layer to your chart

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
  geom_point() +
* geom_smooth()
```
]
.pull-right[

```
## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'loess' and formula 'y ~ x'
```

<img src="Untitled_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-17-1.png" width="700px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

# Geoms - 1 variable

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ)) +
  geom_density()
```

---

# Geoms - 1 variable

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ)) +
* geom_dotplot(binwidth = 0.1)
```

---

# Geoms - 1 variable

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ)) +
* geom_histogram(binwidth = 0.1)
```

---

# Geoms - 1 variable

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ)) +
* geom_histogram(binwidth = 0.3)
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth()
```

```
## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'loess' and formula 'y ~ x'
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy, color = drv)) + 
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth()
```

```
## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'loess' and formula 'y ~ x'
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
  geom_point(aes(color = drv)) +
  geom_smooth()
```

```
## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'loess' and formula 'y ~ x'
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth(aes(color = drv))
```

```
## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'loess' and formula 'y ~ x'
```

---

# Position adjustments

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(drv)) +
  geom_bar()
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(drv, color = fl)) +
  geom_bar()
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(drv, fill = fl)) +
  geom_bar()
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(drv, fill = fl)) +
  geom_bar(position = "fill")
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(drv, fill = fl)) +
  geom_bar(position = "dodge")
```

---

# Facets

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
  geom_point() +
  facet_wrap(~drv)
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
  geom_point() +
  facet_grid(drv ~ fl)
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
  geom_point() +
  facet_grid(drv ~ fl) +
  geom_smooth(method = "lm", se = FALSE)
```

---

# Themes

All starts with `theme_`

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(drv, fill = fl)) +
  geom_bar(position = "dodge") +
* theme_minimal()
```

---

# Recommend: ggthemr and ggthemes

```r
install.packages("ggthemes")

remotes::install_github("cttobin/ggthemr")
```

---

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cttobin/ggthemr/master/README_files/figure-markdown_github/unnamed-chunk-5-1.png)

---

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cttobin/ggthemr/master/README_files/figure-markdown_github/unnamed-chunk-6-1.png)

---

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cttobin/ggthemr/master/README_files/figure-markdown_github/unnamed-chunk-8-1.png)

---

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cttobin/ggthemr/master/README_files/figure-markdown_github/unnamed-chunk-10-1.png)

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(drv, fill = fl)) +
  geom_bar(position = "dodge") +
  theme_minimal() +
* labs(title = "this is a fancy title",
*      subtitle = "and subtitle",
*      x = "Type of Drive",
*      fill = "Fuel type")
```

---

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(drv, fill = fl)) +
  geom_bar(position = "dodge") +
  theme_minimal() +
  labs(title = "this is a fancy title",
       subtitle = "and subtitle",
       x = "Type of Drive",
       fill = "Fuel type") + 
  scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Set2")
```

---

```r
library(paletteer)
ggplot(mpg, aes(drv, fill = fl)) +
  geom_bar(position = "dodge") +
  theme_minimal() +
  labs(title = "this is a fancy title",
       subtitle = "and subtitle",
       x = "Type of Drive",
       fill = "Fuel type") + 
  scale_fill_paletteer_d("nord::aurora")
```

---

# Use dev version of paletteer <img src='https://raw.githubusercontent.com/EmilHvitfeldt/paletteer/master/man/figures/logo.png' align="right" height="100" />

```r
remotes::install_github("EmilHvitfeldt/paletteer")
```

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/EmilHvitfeldt/paletteer/master/man/figures/paletteer-demo.gif)

---

.small[

```r
methods::formalArgs(theme)
```

```
##  [1] "line"                       "rect"                      
##  [3] "text"                       "title"                     
##  [5] "aspect.ratio"               "axis.title"                
##  [7] "axis.title.x"               "axis.title.x.top"          
##  [9] "axis.title.x.bottom"        "axis.title.y"              
## [11] "axis.title.y.left"          "axis.title.y.right"        
## [13] "axis.text"                  "axis.text.x"               
## [15] "axis.text.x.top"            "axis.text.x.bottom"        
## [17] "axis.text.y"                "axis.text.y.left"          
## [19] "axis.text.y.right"          "axis.ticks"                
## [21] "axis.ticks.x"               "axis.ticks.x.top"          
## [23] "axis.ticks.x.bottom"        "axis.ticks.y"              
## [25] "axis.ticks.y.left"          "axis.ticks.y.right"        
## [27] "axis.ticks.length"          "axis.ticks.length.x"       
## [29] "axis.ticks.length.x.top"    "axis.ticks.length.x.bottom"
## [31] "axis.ticks.length.y"        "axis.ticks.length.y.left"  
## [33] "axis.ticks.length.y.right"  "axis.line"                 
## [35] "axis.line.x"                "axis.line.x.top"           
## [37] "axis.line.x.bottom"         "axis.line.y"               
## [39] "axis.line.y.left"           "axis.line.y.right"         
## [41] "legend.background"          "legend.margin"             
## [43] "legend.spacing"             "legend.spacing.x"          
## [45] "legend.spacing.y"           "legend.key"                
## [47] "legend.key.size"            "legend.key.height"         
## [49] "legend.key.width"           "legend.text"               
## [51] "legend.text.align"          "legend.title"              
## [53] "legend.title.align"         "legend.position"           
## [55] "legend.direction"           "legend.justification"      
## [57] "legend.box"                 "legend.box.just"           
## [59] "legend.box.margin"          "legend.box.background"     
## [61] "legend.box.spacing"         "panel.background"          
## [63] "panel.border"               "panel.spacing"             
## [65] "panel.spacing.x"            "panel.spacing.y"           
## [67] "panel.grid"                 "panel.grid.major"          
## [69] "panel.grid.minor"           "panel.grid.major.x"        
## [71] "panel.grid.major.y"         "panel.grid.minor.x"        
## [73] "panel.grid.minor.y"         "panel.ontop"               
## [75] "plot.background"            "plot.title"                
## [77] "plot.subtitle"              "plot.caption"              
## [79] "plot.tag"                   "plot.tag.position"         
## [81] "plot.margin"                "strip.background"          
## [83] "strip.background.x"         "strip.background.y"        
## [85] "strip.placement"            "strip.text"                
## [87] "strip.text.x"               "strip.text.y"              
## [89] "strip.switch.pad.grid"      "strip.switch.pad.wrap"     
## [91] "..."                        "complete"                  
## [93] "validate"
```
]

---

# Extensions

http://www.ggplot2-exts.org/gallery/

---

# gganimate <img src='https://gganimate.com/reference/figures/logo.png' align="right" height="100" />

![](https://gganimate.com/reference/figures/README-unnamed-chunk-4-1.gif)

---

# esquisse <img src='https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dreamRs/esquisse/master/man/figures/logo_esquisse.png' align="right" height="100" />

---

.center[
![:scale 60%](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dreamRs/esquisse/master/man/figures/esquisse.gif)
]

---

# Patchwork <img src='https://raw.githubusercontent.com/thomasp85/patchwork/master/man/figures/logo.png' align="right" height="100" />

```r
devtools::install_github("thomasp85/patchwork")
```

---

```r
library(patchwork)

p1 <- ggplot(mtcars) + geom_point(aes(mpg, disp))
p2 <- ggplot(mtcars) + geom_boxplot(aes(gear, disp, group = gear))

p1 + p2
```

---

.center[
![:scale 80%](https://timogrossenbacher.ch/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/tm-final-map-1-1.png)
]

???

https://timogrossenbacher.ch/2016/12/beautiful-thematic-maps-with-ggplot2-only/

---

.center[
![](https://revolution-computing.typepad.com/.a/6a010534b1db25970b01b8d0c5640c970c-pi)
]

???

https://rpubs.com/bradleyboehmke/weather_graphic